What is the recommended level of fluoride in drinking water?

The recommended level of fluoride in drinking water is 1 ppm (parts per million). This concentration is recognized as being effective for preventing dental caries (cavities) while minimizing the risk of dental fluorosis, which can occur when children consume too much fluoride while their teeth are developing. The U.S. Public Health Service and various health organizations endorse this level to promote oral health.

Fluoride at this concentration helps to strengthen tooth enamel and reduce decay rates in the population, making it an important public health measure. Levels above this recommendation, such as 2 ppm or 3 ppm, may lead to an increased risk of dental fluorosis, especially in children. Therefore, maintaining fluoride at 1 ppm strikes a balance between enhancing dental health and ensuring safety.